初始化
- 使用 lsblk 命令查看磁盘设备名
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# lsblk -l NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT vda 253:0 0 50G 0 disk vda1 253:1 0 50G 0 part / vdb 253:16 0 8G 0 disk [SWAP] vdc 253:32 0 100G 0 disk
- 使用 mkfs 命令对磁盘进行格式化
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdc mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) 文件系统标签= OS type: Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 6553600 inodes, 26214400 blocks 1310720 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624 800 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Allocating group tables: 完成 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
- 使用 lsblk 命令查看格式化后的分区的信息
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# lsblk -f NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT vda └─vda1 xfs 9cff3d69-3769-4ad9-8460-9c54050583f9 / vdb swap YUNIFYSWAP 033c31ee-edac-4327-8f7f-9906474bd3d7 [SWAP] vdc ext4 91a5fd07-7cf4-40f6-bebd-c3f4d878064b
- 使用 mount 命令将磁盘盘符挂载到主机
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# mount /dev/vdc /mnt
- 使用 df 命令查看磁盘是否挂载成功.
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# mount /dev/vdc /mnt [root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 9.0M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 50G 6.1G 44G 13% / tmpfs 799M 0 799M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d1370d0e2c1db50e210a723b3892d331f180d2e3a138ec79c91149cd8f1449e/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/87ef5c99d86cd83f0a4ed6c7ef0160f7d1763a7bf63532ff190c0935e357c352/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd4acf2cbfd2463caaa68cd6b5b66633bc4fb6500cdedbe02cc38550c120e04b/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/8daa314bebd025654adb108152892ffcb283941294af1c7563aeacfbe6c270c5/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca45334a2f6d8b84955705b6a7db1800b71032a76b8152a53e8f90a0be25920d/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/993e902d9f506348a34fdc12fb789debf1dc2e3bbb26e34f6f79c999602fd9d6/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/d9f982b5f13455e982552c96486509dc6308688985a045cf29d7c11d39f53cbd/merged /dev/vdc 99G 61M 94G 1% /mnt
使用UUID挂载
- 使用blkid命令获取磁盘的 uuid
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# blkid /dev/vdc /dev/vdc: UUID="91a5fd07-7cf4-40f6-bebd-c3f4d878064b" TYPE="ext4"
- 使用以下命令，备份 fstab 配置文件
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# # cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
- 执行以下命令，将配置内容写入 fstab 文件。
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# echo "UUID=91a5fd07-7cf4-40f6-bebd-c3f4d878064b /mnt ext4 defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
说明：
UUID：为步骤1查询出的磁盘uuid ，需根据实际情况进行修改；
/mnt：为磁盘挂载的目录，需根据实际情况进行修改；
ext4：为文件系统类型。
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Fri Oct 30 14:22:27 2020 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=9cff3d69-3769-4ad9-8460-9c54050583f9 / xfs defaults 0 0 LABEL=YUNIFYSWAP swap swap defaults 0 0 91a5fd07-7cf4-40f6-bebd-c3f4d878064b /mnt ext4 defaults 0 0
- 若磁盘已手动挂载，请用 umount 命令将挂载的磁盘卸载；再使用 mount -a 命令测试是否能自动挂载成功。
[root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# umount -v /dev/vdc umount: /mnt (/dev/vdc) 已卸载 [root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 9.1M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 50G 6.1G 44G 13% / tmpfs 799M 0 799M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d1370d0e2c1db50e210a723b3892d331f180d2e3a138ec79c91149cd8f1449e/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/87ef5c99d86cd83f0a4ed6c7ef0160f7d1763a7bf63532ff190c0935e357c352/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd4acf2cbfd2463caaa68cd6b5b66633bc4fb6500cdedbe02cc38550c120e04b/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/8daa314bebd025654adb108152892ffcb283941294af1c7563aeacfbe6c270c5/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca45334a2f6d8b84955705b6a7db1800b71032a76b8152a53e8f90a0be25920d/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/993e902d9f506348a34fdc12fb789debf1dc2e3bbb26e34f6f79c999602fd9d6/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/d9f982b5f13455e982552c96486509dc6308688985a045cf29d7c11d39f53cbd/merged [root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# mount -a [root@i-3wn13y09 ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 9.1M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 50G 6.1G 44G 13% / tmpfs 799M 0 799M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d1370d0e2c1db50e210a723b3892d331f180d2e3a138ec79c91149cd8f1449e/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/87ef5c99d86cd83f0a4ed6c7ef0160f7d1763a7bf63532ff190c0935e357c352/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd4acf2cbfd2463caaa68cd6b5b66633bc4fb6500cdedbe02cc38550c120e04b/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/8daa314bebd025654adb108152892ffcb283941294af1c7563aeacfbe6c270c5/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca45334a2f6d8b84955705b6a7db1800b71032a76b8152a53e8f90a0be25920d/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/993e902d9f506348a34fdc12fb789debf1dc2e3bbb26e34f6f79c999602fd9d6/merged overlay 50G 6.1G 44G 13% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/d9f982b5f13455e982552c96486509dc6308688985a045cf29d7c11d39f53cbd/merged /dev/vdc 99G 61M 94G 1% /mnt
脚本
#!/bin/sh #先sudo fdisk -l 查看需要格式化的磁盘符名称。 #在disk中填写需要格式化的磁盘符名称。 disk=/dev/nvme1n1 mkfs.ext3 $disk cd ~ && mkdir /data && mount $disk /data fs_uuid=$(blkid -o value -s UUID $disk) echo UUID="$fs_uuid" /data ext3 defaults 0 1 >> /etc/fstab
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